Improvement in double combustion hot-air furnaces



2 Sheet s-Sheet 1.

D.'P.KAYN,ER. Double-Combustion Hot-Air Furnace.

N0.'2l8,982. Patented Aug. 26,1879.

NVPETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D. C.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

,D. P.-KAYNER. Double-Combustion Hot-Air Furnace. No. 218,982. PatentedAug. 26,1879.

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N-FETEFE, PHOTO UTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D.C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- DAVID P. KAYNER, OF ST. CHARLES, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOUBLE COMBUSTION HOT-AIR FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 218,982, dated August26, 1879 application filed February 9, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Dnvrn P. KAYNER, of

the city of St. Charles, county of Kane, and

1 State of Illinois, have invented certain Improvements in' Hot-AirFurnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in a hot-air furnace having, in connection withthe external surface-radiation, an interior hollow apparatus, to whichair is admitted and heated within the combustion-chamber in the directheat of the fire-pot, and in the various parts of the same, to behereinafter described.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of the furnace, showing its interiorstructure and arrangements. Fig. 2 shows the manner of making the jointsto prevent any admixture of gas from the combustion-chambers with theheated air, and also shows the ring collar, which forms the air-chamberor gas-ring, to permit the introduction of heated air into the bottom ofthe second combustion-chamber, to complete in the same the combustion ofthe unconsurned gases evolved from the fire below. Figs. 3 and 4represent the hollow ring, with the different ways of constructing thesame-singly, with opposite openings, as at Fig. 3, or chambered, asshown in an inverted horizontal section at Fig. 4. Fig. 5 is a verticalcentral section from side to side. Fig. 6 is an end view, and Fig. 7 isa side view, on an enlarged scale, of the brackets which support thering.

The combustion-chamber proper (marked S) is an extended cylindercontracted in an arc of a circle at its top, where a socket is formed toreceive the downward lap of the second combustion-chamber, and also thelower edge of the gas-ring. On the inside are opposite brackets, onwhich the branch pipes P P of the ring rest, to support in place thering and sphere.

The sphere is a hollow globe with the three 7 openings-the pipes O O andA-aud, when coupled with the hollow ring and in their place within thecombustionchamber, form the internal air-heating apparatus.

The second combustion-chamber is a hollow sphere also, with threeprincipal openings the bottom one connecting with the combustion-chamberproper, the top one for the passage of the pipe A, and the lateral oneat the top for the smoke-flue.

The fire-pot rises perpendicularly from the ash-pit, and at the top isenlarged on a quartercircle, to receive the bottom of thecombustionchamber proper within a flange rising from its outer edge. Italso forms a support outside of the direct line of the fire for thefirst or internal gas-ring.

The construction of the furnace is simple, consisting of a plainchambered heating apparatus containing within it a hollow ring andsphere, or either of them, communicating with the outer air through thecasing and walls of the furnace, and opening out at the top of the same,to discharge the air passing through and heated within them, the wholeinclosed in a casing of brick, or in a double metallic casin g restingon perforated rings separate from or connected with the furnace.

Resting on the ash-pit G, which supports the grate N, I place thefire-pot H, on the top of which, in a sink for that purpose, rests thebottom of the combustion-chamber S, upon the top of which is placed thesecond combustion-chamber, R, and the two are united by the double lapand socket joint, with an inner upward and an outer downward lap, theinner one the longest, as shown at 0 0, Fig. 1, and 0, Fig.2.

From the upper side of the spherical combustion-chamber, at an angle tothe vertical line of the furnace, as shown in the accompanying drawings,the smoke-flue I extends upwardly and outwardly, and by the valve V thesmoke can be changed from the direct flue F to the drop-flue J, therebyincreasing or diminishing the draft, as necessity may require.

The doorway for supplying the furnace with fuel is attached to andopens: into the main combustion chamber by a boxflange, which extendsthrough the outer shell of the furnace, opening into it just below thebottom of the hollow ring. I

The ring and sphere are made hollow, with the branch and connectingpipes shown in the accompanying drawings, and are supported within thecombustion-chamber upon opposite brackets inside the same, as shown at lI,

Fig. '5, and at t, Fig. 7. On these brackets the branch pipes P P of thering rest; and through proper openings above the bracketsclosely-fitting pipes, passingthrough the outer shell of the furnace andsides of the combustion-chamber, are screwed into or fastened to thehorizontal branch pipes P P of the ring E, for conveying cold air to theinterior of the ring, as represented at dotted P, Fig. 5, and also at PP, Fig. 5.

The pipe A rises perpendicularly from the hollow sphere B, up throughthe neck of the combustion-chamber, and through an opening 011 the topof second combustionchamber, where it is luted to form a gas-tightjointby means of a rim or shoulder on the pipe A within the sphericalchamber, and a collar or rim projecting from the top of the chamber,forming a sink around the pipe to hold the cement in place, or by meansof a wrought iron ring shrunk onto the top of the pipe A close down uponthe spherical chamber. By this pipe the air, passing through and heatedin the ring and sphere, is conveyed to the hotair chamber M, to theregister, or directlyinto the room.

The ring E and sphere B are hollow, and are connected through the pipesO G by a doublelap and socket joint, the same as used at 0 0, Fig; 1,and 0, Fig. 2, with the addition of the flanges D D for bolting themtogether. The inner upward lap is shown at m m, Fig. 1, in theperpendicular branch pipes of the ring.

On the outer edge of the joint, at the top of the extendedcombustionchamber, is a projecting lip, forming a circular groove orsink around the joint. Into this sink the bottom projection of thering-collar 1? is cemented, while its upper surface is fitted to form ajoint with the outside of the second combustion-chamber when adjusted inplace, or may be held by a groove cast in the under edge of the chamberfor that purpose. This ring-collar is curved outwardly in the centerto-form an air-chamber around the joint, and, by pipes fitted into itfor that purpose, air is admitted to and heated in its interior, which,passing through the perforations shown at r r, Fig. 1, and r, Fig. 2,into the bottom of the second combustion-chamber, R, completes thereinthe combustion of the unconsumed' gases generated in the fire below, byproducing a second and complete combustion thereof before cooling, andcondensation takes place, the same as the gases in the cupola of afurn-aceare ignited, by opening the door abovethe charge after the fireis blown up, thereby preventing the formation of soot and lessening thedensity of the smoke, at the same time increasing the heat of thefurnace.

Within the outer casing, at a point opposite the circular contractionnear the top of the combustion chamber, is the circular waterpan W W,entirely encircling the combustionchamber, with a feed-spout extendingthrough the casing, and having its inner rim curved, so as to deflectthe air toward the joint 0, as shown in the accompanying drawings.

The drop-flue J and the main flue F rest upon the box X, through whichthey can be easily cleaned without removal.

The arrows within. the casing and within the ring and sphere show thedirection of the currents of air while being heated. Those in the tinesmark the course of the smoke in the drop-flue or in the direct draft,according as the valve V is open or closed.

The double metallic casing inclosing the furnace proper is shown by theouter parallel lines g g, Fig. 1, in the accompanying drawlngs.

The combustion-chamber S is an extended cylinder, with a circularcontraction at its top to form its neck or flue at the point of unitingwith the second combustion-chamber, R, having a doorway, inside'bracketsfor supporting the internal air-heating apparatus, and openings abovethem for pipes to the horizontal pipes P P of the ring E for theadmission of air. It rests upon the fire-pot H. The firepot ishereinbefore fully described.

The ash-pit G is, like the bottom of the tirepot, perpendicular, with anenlarged flange at the top to form a sinkto support the fire-pot; alsowith rests for the grate, and a doorway, with slides, for regulating thedraft of the furnace.

The pipes for conveying air to the interior of the ring-collar 'i, whichsurrounds the joint 0, may be extended within the casing to near the'floor, by which means a hot-air blast is introduced into the neck ofthe chamber R from the air becoming heated before it reaches thatpoint,thereby promoting a second and complete combustion of the heatedcarbon vapors within the chamber, and preventing the formation of soot.

I claim as my invention- 1. The arrangement, in a hot-air furnace, ofthe chambers S and R, the hollow ring E, the sphere B, their pipes P P,O G, and A, the gas-rings e and i, and the firepot H, as and for thepurposes hereinbefore specified.

2. The combination, in a hot-air furnace, of the double lap and socketjoint, as shown at 0-0 and 0,Figs. 1 and 2, having an inner upward andanouter downward lap, and the ring-collar i, or its equivalent, whichsurrounds the joint 0, for the purposes hereinbefore specified.

DAVID P. KAYNER.

Witnesses:

J. J. TowN,

H. W. PARKER.

